Belém is the capital and also the largest city of the state of Pará, in the north of Brazil. Also known as City of the Hoses (due to the amount of hoses found in its streets), it is the gate of entrance of the Brazilian amazon area. History
The area where the city is placed it was (there are many years ago) originally inhabited by Indian Tupinambá. Belém was founded on January 12, 1616 by the captain Francisco Boiler White Castle that, sent by the Portuguese crown to defend the territory against the attempts of conquest of France, Holland and England, it raised the Fort of the Stable (today Strong of the Castle). Initially, the city was called Happy Lusitânia. Then it was still called Santa Maria of the Grão Pará as well as of Santa Maria of Belém of the Grão Pará, until finally to arrive to the current denomination of Belém. Distanced of the rest of the country and strongly tied up to Portugal, Belém just recognized the independence of Brazil on August 15, 1823, almost one year after the declaration. Between the years of 1835 and 1840 Belém it is stage of the Revolt of Cabanos (Cabanagem), he/she riots considered of genuinely more popular participation of the history of the country. The only where the population really knocked down the local government. With the growth of the importance of the rubber (Seringueira - Hevea brasiliensis), that it generated it called cycle of the rubber, among the end of the century XIX and beginning of the century XX, Belém reached great commercial importance. Of this time they date constructions as the Palácio Lauro Sodré, Gentile School Bittencourt, Theatro of Paz (1878), Palácio Antônio Read and the Market of the See-the-weight (1901). The Market of the See-the-weight, completely of iron, it was built in London and New York and transported to the pieces to be installed in the place. He/she doesn't imagine, in the rest of Brazil, what is the city of Belém ", he/she wrote Euclides of Cunha when knowing it in the beginning of the century. It was " the largest surprise of the whole trip ", it ended after many praises. He/she was born under the influence of the Renaissance, that began to dominate Europe in the idos of 1616, when she was founded. It was the first Brazilian city to have electric light in the streets, bonde and telephone. City of the Hoses, city of the smell-scented, city of the red flags (marking the points of açaí sale), city of the Candle of Nazaré, of the daily rain that cleans the streets and it alleviates the tropical heat, hospitable people's city. Belém is a party for the eyes and for the soul Religion With most absolute of Catholics, it possesses the religious party with América Latin's largest procession, the Candle of Nazaré, that happens annually on second Sunday of October and it gathers about 2 million followerses. In Belém, it is also observed that the Jewish community is larger than the national average. Markets Market of São Brás (1911): in the Praça Floriano Peixoto, close to the old Station of Iron of Bragança. Market of the See-the-weight (1688): in the area of the Old City and directly to the margins of the Bay of Guajará, it provisions the city with nutritious products of the interior paraense, supplied pricipalmente for waterway. The position fiscal servant in 1688 in the port of Piri that, starting from then it was denomindo place of See-the-weight popularly, he/she created the name of the market, since it was obligatory to see the weight of the goods that you/they leave or they arrived to Amazônia, being collected the corresponding taxes. Monuments Statue of Pedro Teixeira: Memorial of Cabanagem: Monument to Admiral Tamandaré: Monument joão Paulo Gaia Teatros and museums Museum of the Eleven Windows: Brazilian artists of the century XX. Museum of Art of Belém: in the Palácio Antônio we Read. Museum of Art of CCBEU: Museum of Yolks of Pará: Museum of the Fort: Museum of the Image and of the Sound - MIS: Museum of Sacred Art of Pará: Museum of the Candle: Museum of the Sailing: Museum of the State of Pará: in the Palácio Lauro Sodré, exhibitions varied with contemporary artists. Museum Paraense Emílio Goeldi: park with fauna and flora of the amazon forest, anthropological exhibitions and of natural history, fishbowl. Corvette-museum Solimões: Theatro of Paz: built in 1874, it mixes the styles neoclassicist and art-nouveau. It symbolizes the fausto and the wealth of the golden time of the rubber and one of the most imposing theaters of the country can be considered. Experimental theater Waldemar Henrique Teatro Gabriel Hermes: Theater Margarida Schiwasappa Teatro Maria Sylvia Nunes: Located in the Station of the Docas Teatro Estação Gasômetro: Located in the Park of the Residence Other Old City: well-known as Historical Center of Belém, the place has as main characteristic the architectural inheritance of the period Brazil-colony. Gentile school Bittencourt: Engenho Murucutu: Ruins of the old sugar-cane mill built in the century XVIII. Standing out the Chapel of Our Lady of Conceição 1711, whose work would be attributed to Antonio Giuseppi Landi. Station of Docas (2000): modern complex tourist and gastronômico built starting from three old galpões of the docas of Belém (it leaves of Porto of Belém). Olympic stadium of Pará (1978): well-known like Mangueirão. Strong of the Castle: I mark of the foundation of Belém, it was the first construction of the city, in 1616. It is a military fortress, denominated initially of Fort of the Stable and built, in Rio Guamá's fork with the Bay of Guajará in an elevation from where he/she sees him the whole movement of the Bay. We have spoken for the paraenses Mare: Expression that it can be used in fright reason, fright, admiration, enchantment, upset (that is to say, it is good for almost everything! Very used). Father D´égua (Expression also commonly used): good thing; legal. Pitiú: I smell unpleasant of fish or of egg. Tijibu: fat person. Carapanã: mosquito; pernilongo. I sing: corner. Popopô: typical Embarkation of the amazon area moved to motor (that does the noise from where they prove the term). Flank: beside (something). Points tourist See-the-weight: América Latin's largest free market is also the symbol of Belém and its largest tourist point. Station of Docas: what before was a shut galpão, that it impeded that the belenense saw the bay of Guajará closely, now it is one of the visited tourist points of Belém. The Station of Docas was inaugurated 4 years ago and, ever since, it is an obligatory point for who goes by the city of the hoses. Theatro of Paz: Important symbol that recollects the whole wealth that Amazônia lived at that time of the rubber, the theater also retakes a very important period of the history of the city. It was starting from its construction, that a shy urbanization began, in what today is the current center of Belém. Park of the Residence: Located in the old official residence of the governors paraenses, the Park of the Residence is a deluxe icon and beauty in the avenue Magalhães Barata, one of the main of Belém. Happy Lusitânia: In the end of 2002, Belém won more a tourist complex: Happy Lusitânia, a project inserted in the Complexo Urbanístico of the Historical Center of Belém, that understands the Fort of the Castle (old Fort of the Stable), the Museum of Sacred Art (old School Jesuit of Santo Alexandre and Episcopal Palace), Palacete of the Eleven Windows (old Military Hospital) and enclosures. Those spaces represent the original mark of the foundation of Belém, with constructions that repair a centuries XVII and XVIII. Museum Paraense Emílio Goeldi: THE park of the museum gathers about 800 typical trees of the area, as samaúma, acapu and cedar, and 600 species of animals, threatened of extinction many of them, about the fish-ox, macaw-blue, pirarucu, and the colored ounce. The park still counts with a laboratory of mastozoologia ornithology, herpetology, ictiologia and entomology, that study monkeys, bats, fish, rodents, snakes, amphibians, lizards, birds, crustaceans and several species of insects. Forest Rodrigues Alves: THE Bosque Rodrigues Alves won status of Botanical Garden in July of 2002, with base in the resolution 266 of the National Council of environment (Conama). São José Frees: THE old prison São José gave place in 2002 to the Pólo Joalheiro - it Marries of the Artisan. Now, the space shelters the Museum of Yolks of Pará, the Pólo Joalheiro, a chapel, (where there are concerts of sacred music) and the Artisan's House. A beautiful place of seeing, with craft sale, anfi-theater, cultural presentations and snack bar. Certainty of a good visit. See-the-Rio: it is a quite visited tourist points, in Belém. In an area of five thousand square meters in front of the Bay of Guajará, the project forms an alliance contemplation with the nature with the praticidade in the use of the urban space. Theater Waldemar Henrique: I Space for presentations of experimental groups of the area, besides exhibition of products that count and they were part of the theatrical scenery of Pará. Palacete Bolonha: Work built by architect Francisco Bolonha for the wife, pianist Alice Have-Brink, in 1905. Of the fourth floor of Palacete, there is a fantastic vision for the Bay of Guajará. All in eclectic style, the construction has elements of art nouveau, neoclassicists, Gothic and Baroque, as one can see in the needle format in the high of Palacete. Square of the Republic: THE Square of the Republic, for its width, location and monumentabilidade, is, without favor, one of the more important urban spaces of the capital paraense. Contends in its vast extension, Paz's Theater, the Teatro Waldemar Henrique and the Service of Musical Activities of the Federal University of Pará. Square Batista Campos: Square with bandstands of the century XIX. It was built in the golden phase of the rubber and inaugurated in 1904, for the then intendente Antonio Read. One of the most beautiful squares of Brazil is considered. Growth of mangroves of the Herons: a park naturalístico with concepts of exemplary areas of the vegetation of Pará, with cascade, lakes, palm trees, lawn, nurseries of birds and of butterflies, and several aquatic species of fauna and flora. The whole nature of the park was almost created, the lakes are supplied with waters of the river Guamá. There is várzea vegetation, of firm earth and of fields. The tower of the Light of Belém, with 47 height meters, is one of the attractiveness of the Growth of mangroves. The structure has an elevator to transport the visitors at two observation levels: in the first, it is already possible a wide vision of the Old City and of the own park, and in the top the observatory of Belém works, where the light is installed. Square of the Republic: THE Square of the Republic was built in the beginning of the century XVIII. He/she called himself " plaza of the campina " and it was a cemetery destined to the slaves and people without resources that were buried in shallow holes. When being built a gunpowder deposit there it became known as " plaza of the gunpowder ". After the fall of the empire, an allusive monument was built the proclamation of the republic and her he/she passed calling her as it is today.
The area where the city is placed it was (there are many years ago) originally inhabited by Indian Tupinambá. Belém was founded on January 12, 1616 by the captain Francisco Boiler White Castle that, sent by the Portuguese crown to defend the territory against the attempts of conquest of France, Holland and England, it raised the Fort of the Stable (today Strong of the Castle). Initially, the city was called Happy Lusitânia. Then it was still called Santa Maria of the Grão Pará as well as of Santa Maria of Belém of the Grão Pará, until finally to arrive to the current denomination of Belém. Distanced of the rest of the country and strongly tied up to Portugal, Belém just recognized the independence of Brazil on August 15, 1823, almost one year after the declaration. Between the years of 1835 and 1840 Belém it is stage of the Revolt of Cabanos (Cabanagem), he/she riots considered of genuinely more popular participation of the history of the country. The only where the population really knocked down the local government. With the growth of the importance of the rubber (Seringueira - Hevea brasiliensis), that it generated it called cycle of the rubber, among the end of the century XIX and beginning of the century XX, Belém reached great commercial importance. Of this time they date constructions as the Palácio Lauro Sodré, Gentile School Bittencourt, Theatro of Paz (1878), Palácio Antônio Read and the Market of the See-the-weight (1901). The Market of the See-the-weight, completely of iron, it was built in London and New York and transported to the pieces to be installed in the place. He/she doesn't imagine, in the rest of Brazil, what is the city of Belém ", he/she wrote Euclides of Cunha when knowing it in the beginning of the century. It was " the largest surprise of the whole trip ", it ended after many praises. He/she was born under the influence of the Renaissance, that began to dominate Europe in the idos of 1616, when she was founded. It was the first Brazilian city to have electric light in the streets, bonde and telephone. City of the Hoses, city of the smell-scented, city of the red flags (marking the points of açaí sale), city of the Candle of Nazaré, of the daily rain that cleans the streets and it alleviates the tropical heat, hospitable people's city. Belém is a party for the eyes and for the soul Religion With most absolute of Catholics, it possesses the religious party with América Latin's largest procession, the Candle of Nazaré, that happens annually on second Sunday of October and it gathers about 2 million followerses. In Belém, it is also observed that the Jewish community is larger than the national average. Markets Market of São Brás (1911): in the Praça Floriano Peixoto, close to the old Station of Iron of Bragança. Market of the See-the-weight (1688): in the area of the Old City and directly to the margins of the Bay of Guajará, it provisions the city with nutritious products of the interior paraense, supplied pricipalmente for waterway. The position fiscal servant in 1688 in the port of Piri that, starting from then it was denomindo place of See-the-weight popularly, he/she created the name of the market, since it was obligatory to see the weight of the goods that you/they leave or they arrived to Amazônia, being collected the corresponding taxes. Monuments Statue of Pedro Teixeira: Memorial of Cabanagem: Monument to Admiral Tamandaré: Monument joão Paulo Gaia Teatros and museums Museum of the Eleven Windows: Brazilian artists of the century XX. Museum of Art of Belém: in the Palácio Antônio we Read. Museum of Art of CCBEU: Museum of Yolks of Pará: Museum of the Fort: Museum of the Image and of the Sound - MIS: Museum of Sacred Art of Pará: Museum of the Candle: Museum of the Sailing: Museum of the State of Pará: in the Palácio Lauro Sodré, exhibitions varied with contemporary artists. Museum Paraense Emílio Goeldi: park with fauna and flora of the amazon forest, anthropological exhibitions and of natural history, fishbowl. Corvette-museum Solimões: Theatro of Paz: built in 1874, it mixes the styles neoclassicist and art-nouveau. It symbolizes the fausto and the wealth of the golden time of the rubber and one of the most imposing theaters of the country can be considered. Experimental theater Waldemar Henrique Teatro Gabriel Hermes: Theater Margarida Schiwasappa Teatro Maria Sylvia Nunes: Located in the Station of the Docas Teatro Estação Gasômetro: Located in the Park of the Residence Other Old City: well-known as Historical Center of Belém, the place has as main characteristic the architectural inheritance of the period Brazil-colony. Gentile school Bittencourt: Engenho Murucutu: Ruins of the old sugar-cane mill built in the century XVIII. Standing out the Chapel of Our Lady of Conceição 1711, whose work would be attributed to Antonio Giuseppi Landi. Station of Docas (2000): modern complex tourist and gastronômico built starting from three old galpões of the docas of Belém (it leaves of Porto of Belém). Olympic stadium of Pará (1978): well-known like Mangueirão. Strong of the Castle: I mark of the foundation of Belém, it was the first construction of the city, in 1616. It is a military fortress, denominated initially of Fort of the Stable and built, in Rio Guamá's fork with the Bay of Guajará in an elevation from where he/she sees him the whole movement of the Bay. We have spoken for the paraenses Mare: Expression that it can be used in fright reason, fright, admiration, enchantment, upset (that is to say, it is good for almost everything! Very used). Father D´égua (Expression also commonly used): good thing; legal. Pitiú: I smell unpleasant of fish or of egg. Tijibu: fat person. Carapanã: mosquito; pernilongo. I sing: corner. Popopô: typical Embarkation of the amazon area moved to motor (that does the noise from where they prove the term). Flank: beside (something). Points tourist See-the-weight: América Latin's largest free market is also the symbol of Belém and its largest tourist point. Station of Docas: what before was a shut galpão, that it impeded that the belenense saw the bay of Guajará closely, now it is one of the visited tourist points of Belém. The Station of Docas was inaugurated 4 years ago and, ever since, it is an obligatory point for who goes by the city of the hoses. Theatro of Paz: Important symbol that recollects the whole wealth that Amazônia lived at that time of the rubber, the theater also retakes a very important period of the history of the city. It was starting from its construction, that a shy urbanization began, in what today is the current center of Belém. Park of the Residence: Located in the old official residence of the governors paraenses, the Park of the Residence is a deluxe icon and beauty in the avenue Magalhães Barata, one of the main of Belém. Happy Lusitânia: In the end of 2002, Belém won more a tourist complex: Happy Lusitânia, a project inserted in the Complexo Urbanístico of the Historical Center of Belém, that understands the Fort of the Castle (old Fort of the Stable), the Museum of Sacred Art (old School Jesuit of Santo Alexandre and Episcopal Palace), Palacete of the Eleven Windows (old Military Hospital) and enclosures. Those spaces represent the original mark of the foundation of Belém, with constructions that repair a centuries XVII and XVIII. Museum Paraense Emílio Goeldi: THE park of the museum gathers about 800 typical trees of the area, as samaúma, acapu and cedar, and 600 species of animals, threatened of extinction many of them, about the fish-ox, macaw-blue, pirarucu, and the colored ounce. The park still counts with a laboratory of mastozoologia ornithology, herpetology, ictiologia and entomology, that study monkeys, bats, fish, rodents, snakes, amphibians, lizards, birds, crustaceans and several species of insects. Forest Rodrigues Alves: THE Bosque Rodrigues Alves won status of Botanical Garden in July of 2002, with base in the resolution 266 of the National Council of environment (Conama). São José Frees: THE old prison São José gave place in 2002 to the Pólo Joalheiro - it Marries of the Artisan. Now, the space shelters the Museum of Yolks of Pará, the Pólo Joalheiro, a chapel, (where there are concerts of sacred music) and the Artisan's House. A beautiful place of seeing, with craft sale, anfi-theater, cultural presentations and snack bar. Certainty of a good visit. See-the-Rio: it is a quite visited tourist points, in Belém. In an area of five thousand square meters in front of the Bay of Guajará, the project forms an alliance contemplation with the nature with the praticidade in the use of the urban space. Theater Waldemar Henrique: I Space for presentations of experimental groups of the area, besides exhibition of products that count and they were part of the theatrical scenery of Pará. Palacete Bolonha: Work built by architect Francisco Bolonha for the wife, pianist Alice Have-Brink, in 1905. Of the fourth floor of Palacete, there is a fantastic vision for the Bay of Guajará. All in eclectic style, the construction has elements of art nouveau, neoclassicists, Gothic and Baroque, as one can see in the needle format in the high of Palacete. Square of the Republic: THE Square of the Republic, for its width, location and monumentabilidade, is, without favor, one of the more important urban spaces of the capital paraense. Contends in its vast extension, Paz's Theater, the Teatro Waldemar Henrique and the Service of Musical Activities of the Federal University of Pará. Square Batista Campos: Square with bandstands of the century XIX. It was built in the golden phase of the rubber and inaugurated in 1904, for the then intendente Antonio Read. One of the most beautiful squares of Brazil is considered. Growth of mangroves of the Herons: a park naturalístico with concepts of exemplary areas of the vegetation of Pará, with cascade, lakes, palm trees, lawn, nurseries of birds and of butterflies, and several aquatic species of fauna and flora. The whole nature of the park was almost created, the lakes are supplied with waters of the river Guamá. There is várzea vegetation, of firm earth and of fields. The tower of the Light of Belém, with 47 height meters, is one of the attractiveness of the Growth of mangroves. The structure has an elevator to transport the visitors at two observation levels: in the first, it is already possible a wide vision of the Old City and of the own park, and in the top the observatory of Belém works, where the light is installed. Square of the Republic: THE Square of the Republic was built in the beginning of the century XVIII. He/she called himself " plaza of the campina " and it was a cemetery destined to the slaves and people without resources that were buried in shallow holes. When being built a gunpowder deposit there it became known as " plaza of the gunpowder ". After the fall of the empire, an allusive monument was built the proclamation of the republic and her he/she passed calling her as it is today.
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